Required Textbooks

Bates, A. W. (2000). Managing Technological Change: Strategies for College and University Leaders. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Rumble, G. (Ed.). (2004). Papers and debates on the costs and economics of distance education and online learning (Vol. 7). Oldenburg: Bibliotheks- und Informationssystem der Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg.

Rumble, G. (1997). The Costs and Economics of Open and Distance Learning. London: Kogan Page.
NOTE: Rumble (1997) may be out of print. The new edition is not yet available. The most important chapters will be made available online.

Required Readings

Bates, A. W. (1995). Technology, open learning and distance education. (pp. 33-60) London: Routledge.

Bates, A. W. (1999). Calculating the costs of teaching with technology, Managing technological change: strategies for college and university leaders (pp. 122-152). London: Routledge.

Bates, A. W. (2000). Managing Technological Change: Strategies for College and University Leaders. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

• Executive summary (pp. 1-6)
• Confronting the technology challenge in universities and colleges (pp. 7-36)
• Funding strategies, collaboration and competition (pp. 153-180)

Hülsmann, T. (2004) Costing open and distance learning (WBT)

• Drawing up a budget
• Elements of cost-analysis

Perraton, H. (2000). Introduction: golden goose and ugly duckling, Open and distance learning in the developing world (pp. 4-9). London: Routledge.

Rumble, G. (1997). The Costs and Economics of Open and Distance Learning. London: Kogan Page.

• Overheads (pp.51-64)
• Attribution of costs (pp. 65-73)

Rumble, G. (Ed.) (2004). Papers and debates on the costs and economics of distance education and online learning (Vol. 7). Oldenburg: Bibliotheks- und Informationssystem der Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg.

• Rumble, G. The competitive vulnerability of distance teaching Universities (1992). (pp. 67-88)
• White, V. Responses to Greville Rumble's article 'The competitive vulnerability of distance teaching universities'(1992). (pp. 89-92).
• Mugridge, I. Responses to Greville Rumble's article 'The competitive vulnerability of distance teaching universities' (1992). (pp. 93-96).
• Keegan, D. The competitive advantages of distance teaching universities (1994). (pp. 107-117).
• Rumble, G. The competitive vulnerability of distance teaching universities: a reply (1994). (pp. 103-106).
• Rumble, G. Competitive vulnerability: an addentum to the debate (1998). (pp. 107-117).
• Rumble, G. The costs and costing of networked learning (2001). (pp. 139-162).
• Rumble, G. The costs of providing student support services (2001). (pp. 163-174).
• Rumble, G. E-Education: Whose Benefits, whose costs? (2001). (pp. 119-138).

Schultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in human capital. American Economic Review, 51, 1-17.

Whalen, T., & Wright, D. (1999). 'Methodology for cost-benefit analysis of Web-based tele-learning'. The American Journal of Distance Education, 13(1), 25-43.

Suggested Additional Readings:

Bates, A. W. (2000). Managing Technological Change: Strategies for College and University Leaders. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

• Organizing for the management of educational technologies (pp. 181-197)
• Bishop, T., & SchWeber, C. (2001). UMUC's Online MBA Program: A case study of cost-effectiveness and the implications for large-scale Programs': Sloan Foundation.

Hülsmann, T. (2002). Costs without camouflage: A cost-analysis of Oldenburg University's two Graduate Certificate Programs offered as part of the Online Master of Distance Education (MDE) - A case study. In U. Bernath, Rubin, E. (Ed.), Reflections on teaching and learning in an online master program - a case study (Vol. 6). Oldenburg: Bibliotheks- und Informationssystem der Universität Oldenburg.

Hülsmann, T. (2000). The Costs of open learning: a handbook. Oldenburg: Bibliotheks- und Informationssystem der Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg. (Chapter 1, Chapter 2, Case study 1, Case study 3, Case study 9)

Peters, O. (1994). Distance education and industrial production: a comparative interpretation in outline. In D. Keegan (Ed.), Otto Peters on distance education: the industrialisation of teaching and learning (pp. 107-127). London: Routledge.

Psacharopoulos, G. (1995). The Profitability of Investment in Education: Concepts and Methods: World Bank.

Rumble, G. (1997). The Costs and Economics of Open and Distance Learning. London: Kogan Page.

• Budgets (pp. 7-12)
• The classification of resources (pp. 13-20)
• A basic framework for analysing revenue costs (pp. 21-31)
• Volume and its relationship with fixed and variable costs (32-41)
• The treatment of capital costs (42-50)

Laidlaw, B., & Layard, R. (1974). Traditional versus Open University teaching method: A cost comparison. Higher Education, 3, 439-468.

Levin, H. M. (1995). Cost-effectiveness Analysis. In M. Carnoy (Ed.), Internation al encyclopedia of economics of education, (pp. 381-386).Oxford: Pergamon.