Modules Required Readings: Suggested Additional Readings:
Module 1:
Introduction

Perraton, H. (2000). Introduction: golden goose and ugly duckling, Open and Distance Learning in the Developing World (pp. 4-9). London: Routedge.

Peters, O. (1994). Distance education and industrial production: a comparative interpretation in outline. In D. Keegan (Ed.), Otto Peters on Distance Education: The Industrialisation of Teaching and Learning (pp. 107-127).

Schultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in Human Capital. American Economic Review, 51, 1-17.

Psacharopoulos, G. (1995). The Profitability of Investment in Education: Concepts and Methods: World Bank.
Module 2:
The techniques of cost-analysis		 Rumble, G. (1997). The Costs and Economics of Open and Distance Learning. London: Kogan Page. Moonen, J. (1997, August). 'The Efficiency of Telelearning'. JALN, 1(2).
Module 3:
The cost-effectiveness of DE institutions

Mugridge, I., & White, V. (1992). Responses to Greville Rumble's Article 'The Competitive Vulnerability of Distance Teaching Universities'. Open Learning, 52-62.

Rumble, G. (1997). The Costs and Economics of Open and Distance Learning. London: Kogan Page.

Rumble, G. (1992). The Comparative Vulnerability of Distance Teaching Universities. Open Learning, 7(2), 31-45.

 Laidlaw, B., & Layard, R. (1974). Traditional versus Open University Teaching Method: A Cost Comparison. Higher Education, 3, 439-468.

Perraton, H. (2000). Costs: what the figures say, Open and Distance Learning in the Developing World (pp. 118-138). London: Routedge.

Turoff, M. (1997). Alternative Futures for Distance Learning: The Force and the Darkside. Paper presented at the UNESCO / OPEN UNIVERSITY International Colloquium Virtual Learning Environments and the Role of the Teacher, Open University, Milton Keynes.
Module 4:
Costing educational technologies		 Bates, A. W. (1995). Technology, Open Learning and Distance Education. London: Routledge.

Bates, A. W. (1999). Calculating the costs of Teaching with Technology, Managing Technological Change: Strategies for College and University Leaders (pp. 122-152). London: Routledge.

Hülsmann, T. (2000). The Costs of Open Learning: a Handbook. Oldenburg: BIS. (Chapter 1, Chapter 2, Case study 1, Case study 3, Case study 9)

Rumble, G. (1999). The Costs of Networked Learning: What have we learned? Paper presented at the FLISH99 Conference, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield.

Rumble, G. (2001). The Costs of networked learning. JALN, forthcoming

Whalen, T., & Wright, D. (1999). 'Methodology for Cost-Benefit Analysis of Web-Based Tele-Learning'. The American Journal of Distance Education, 13(1), 25-43.

Bartolic-Zlomislic, S., & Bates, A. W. (1999). Assessing the costs and benefits of telelearning. Retrieved January 2, 2001, from the World Wide Web: http://research.cstudies.ubc.ca/nce/reports.html

Bishop, T., & SchWeber, C. (2001). UMUC's Online MBA Program: A Case Study of Cost-Effectiveness and the Implications for Large-Scale Programs': Sloan Foundation.

Levin, H. M. (1995). Cost-effectiveness Analysis. In M. Carnoy (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Economics of Education Pergamon (pp. 381-386).

Karelis, C. (1999). Technology and Cost Control: Four Models. Syllabus(February).

Sheperd, C. (1998). The Cost-Benefit Tool. Retrieved December 28, 2000, from the World Wide Web: http://www.intranet-cafe.co.uk/cost_benefit_tool.htm